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Analysis of Selected Artefacts in Diffusion-Based Magnetic Resonance Measurements
Marcoň, Petr ; Král, Bohumil (referee) ; Frollo, Ivan (referee) ; Bartušek, Karel (advisor)
The presented dissertation thesis analyses artefacts in diffusion-weighted images. In medical practice, the artefacts can impede the diagnostics of pathological tissues and, therefore, need to be eliminated. As the first step within the thesis, an analysis of the most frequent artefacts in diffusion-weighted images is performed, and the hitherto known approaches to artefact elimination are described. In order to facilitate the reduction of artefacts caused by the inhomogeneity of the static magnetic field and induced by eddy currents, a novel three-measurement method is shown. This technique will find application especially in measuring the diffusion coefficient of isotropic materials. At this point, it is important to note that a significant and commonly found problem is the magnetic susceptibility artefact; different magnetic susceptibility values at the boundary between two materials can cause magnetic field inhomogeneities and even complete loss of the signal. Therefore, we designed a novel method for the measurement of magnetic susceptibility in various samples of magnetically incompatible materials, which do not produce any MR signal. The technique was experimentally verified using a set of differently shaped diamagnetic and paramagnetic samples. In addition to the magnetic susceptibility problem, the thesis presents artefacts such as noise, motion-induced items, hardware limitations, chemical shift, and the dependence of the diffusion coefficient on the temperature. To enable precise measurement of the diffusion coefficient, we proposed a thermal system; in the experiment, it was determined that when the measurement error does not exceed 5%, the temperature change should not be higher than 0,1 °C. In the final sections of the thesis, practical application examples involving the designed methods are shown.
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PAH bond to nanoparticles of atmospheric aerosol: substrate specifity.
Bendl, Jan ; Hovorka, Jan (advisor) ; Cajthaml, Tomáš (referee)
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are reviewed including their chemical and chemical- physical features, their impact on health and the environment. Different behaviour of PAHs is mentioned. The detailed instruction for the measurement using high-volume cascade impactor BGI 900 (Hi-Vol) is described. Cleaning, equilibration, weighting, protection against contamination of the substrates and technique of the measurement were introduced. The experiment was done: under the last teflon back-up filter the extra PUF substrate was placed, where after the air exposition the significant amounts of gaseous phase of phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, pyrene and benzo(a)anthracene were captured. The extent of the volatile PAHs capture correlated positively with the vapour pressure (ranging from 10-4 to 10-1 Pa.). The other measured PAHs (coronene, benzo(ghi)perylene, chrysene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(k)fluoranthene, benzo(a)pyrene, dibenzo(a,h)anthracene and indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene) with vapour pressure from 10-5 to 10-10 Pa were not captured. The experiment found out that polyurethane (PUF) substrates captured in noticeable amount the volatile phase of PAHs and therefore the correction for the capture of gaseous phase in the particle size fractions of PAHs was calculated. The deduction for the...
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The culture and art in the Pavlovian period
Pánová, Lucie ; Půtová, Barbora (advisor) ; Soukup, Václav (referee)
1 Abstract: This bachelor's thesis proposes a holistic description of the culture and art in the Pavlovian period. The first part focuses on the first men and cultures in Europe while taking into account the natural conditions these people had to face and the advanced technologies they used. The second part deals with different types of settlements, their structure and the history of research on the subject. As for the third and the last part, it engages in a reconstruction of possible symbolic manifestations of the then culture and describes the Pavlovian art with the help of particular art artefacts. The thesis is supplemented with annexed pictures.
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Visual processing of topic: Mother and child
CVACHOVÁ, Petra
This bachelor thesis deals with mother and child attachment. It puts emphasis on early childhood when the attachment is forming. Theoretical part defines attachment term and presents main representatives of attachment theory. Furthermore, it describes types of attachment and specifies the pluses and minuses of secure and unsecure attachment. It concerns with formation of attachment before birth, reflects its evolution in early childhood and points on importance of atachment loss in adulthood. It also deals with motherhood, role of mother and birth partially. At the end of theoretical part the art therapy term is defined and Roznov art therapy, expressive therapy and interpretation are described. Practical part of bachelor thesis looks at the mother and child attachment issue. It tries to connect verbal testimony to mother and child attachment watercolor artwork. Then it finds some parallels between theese acquire materials.
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Supervision with Visual Art Expression
Hanzlová, Andrea ; Havrdová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Slavík, Jan (referee)
Title: Supervision with Visual Art Expression Author: Bc. Andrea Hanzlová ABSTRACT Although art expression has been widely used in both art therapy and supervision in the Czech Republic, its distinctive features, added value and possible drawbacks in supervision have been researched less extensively than in art therapy. Here I explore what art expression brings into supervision, what new perspectives it can offer and what obstacles may dissuade supervisors from employing certain approaches. A qualitative content analysis of semi- structured interviews on the sample of 12 respondents revealed four thematic areas: Definition of creative art process, phases and content; Drawbacks and Benefits of working with art expression; The role of education in used methods and approaches. The results show an unexpectedly wide range of methods that Czech supervisors and supervisees employ when dealing with art expression in supervision, as well as the extent or absence of some approaches. One possible reason could be the lack of legislative anchoring compared to countries such as the UK and USA. Key words: expression, visual creative process, artefact, expressive therapy, art therapy, supervision, supervision of art therapies
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Memory of objects - Referencing the past in art education
Švidroňová, Žaneta ; Špirk, Ivan (advisor) ; Kornatovský, Jiří (referee)
In detaile, this projects focuses on object's far and near past and memories and brings their history into present exposition. Therefor the concept captures a new perception and observation of the importance of art history, using the still life art form and Vanitas theme and objects to symbolize the impermanence and transience time. However the main focus is not only on the objects themselves but also on their environment as a source of inspiration and cultural memory. This approach links the methods of displaying objects in the contemporary art with the current methods in art education. The didactic part reflects the attitude of pupils aged 14-15 to the objects from the distant and recent past and their values. As the result the artworks are a combination of graphic prints with fragments of photographs depicting snatches of memories, which has been moderately used as a hidden layer to properly reflect the author's perspective.
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The culture and art in the Pavlovian period
Pánová, Lucie ; Půtová, Barbora (advisor) ; Soukup, Václav (referee)
1 Abstract: This bachelor's thesis proposes a holistic description of the culture and art in the Pavlovian period. The first part focuses on the first men and cultures in Europe while taking into account the natural conditions these people had to face and the advanced technologies they used. The second part deals with different types of settlements, their structure and the history of research on the subject. As for the third and the last part, it engages in a reconstruction of possible symbolic manifestations of the then culture and describes the Pavlovian art with the help of particular art artefacts. The thesis is supplemented with annexed pictures.
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